VETERINARY DRUGS AND THEIR USES

DOG DRUGS ALPHABETICALLY

THE DRUGS AND WHAT THEY DO

A

• acepromazine – sedative,  tranquilizer,  and antiemetic
• alprazolam – benzodiazepine used as an anxiolytic and tranquilizer
• altrenogest – used to synchronizes estrus
• amantadine – analgesic for chronic pain
• aminophylline – bronchodilator
• amitraz – antiparasitic used to control ticks,  mites,  lice,  and other animal pests
• amitriptyline – tricyclic antidepressant used to treat separation anxiety,  excessive grooming and spraying in dogs and cats
• amlodipine – calcium channel blocker used to decrease blood pressure
• amoxicillin – antibacterial
• apomorphine – emetic  (used to induce vomiting)
• artificial tears – lubricant eye drops used as a tear supplement
• atenolol – treats cardiac arrhythmias,  hypertension,  and diabetes plus other cardiovascular disorders
• atipamezole – ą2-adrenergic antagonist used to reverse the sedative  and analgesic effects of alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonists

B

• benazepril – ACE – inhibitor used in heart failure,  hypertension,  chronic kidney failure,  and protein – losing-nephropathy
• bethanechol – stimulates bladder contractions
• bupivacaine – local anesthetic primarily utilized pre- and postoperatively
• buprenorphine – narcotic for pain relief in cats after surgery
• butorphanol – mu agonist/kappa antagonist,  used as a cough suppressant and for a muscle relaxation effects in horses

C

• carprofen – COX-2 selective NSAID used to relieve pain and inflammation in dogs and cats
• cephalexin – antibiotic,  particularly useful for susceptible Staphylococcus infections
• cefovecin – a cephalosporin-class antibiotic used to treat skin infections in dogs and cats
• cefpodoxime – antibiotic
• ceftiofur – cephalosporin antibiotic
• chloral hydrate/magnesium sulfate/pentobarbital – combination anesthetic agent
• chloramphenicol – antibacterial used to treat anaerobic bacterial infections,  both Gram-positive and – negative
• cimetidine – H2 antagonist used to reduce gastric and production
• ciprofloxacin – antibiotic of quinolone group
• ciamoxyquine – antiparasitic to treat salmonids for infection with the myxozoan parasite
• clavamox – antibiotic,  used to treat skin and other infections
• clavaseptin – antibiotic
• clavulanic acid – adjunct to penicillin-derived antibiotics used to overcome resistance in bacteria that secrete beta-lactamase
• clenbuterol – decongestant and bronchodilator used for the treatment of recurrent airway obstruction in horses
• clindamycin – antibiotic with a particular use in dental infections with effects against most aerobic Gram-positive cocci
• clomipramine – primarily used in dogs to treat behavioral problems
• cyproheptadine – used as an appetite stimulant in cats and dogs

D

• deracoxib – (NSAID) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• dexamethasone – anti-inflammatory steroid
• diazepam – benzodiazepine used to treat status epilepticus,  also used as a  pre-anaethetic and a sedative
• dichlorophene – fungicide,  germicide,  and antimicrobial agent,  also used for the removal of parasites
• diphenhydramine – histamine blocker
• doxycycline – antibiotic,  also used to treat Lyme disease

E

• enalapril – ACE-inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure
• enrofloxacin – Broad-spectrum antibiotic  (Gram-positive and -negatives) – not recommended for streptococci,  or anaerobic bacteria
• equine chorionic gonadotropin – gonadotropic hormone used to induce ovulation in livestock prior to artificial insemination

F

• fenbendazole – antiparasite drug used for mainly nematodes
• fipronil – antiparasiticide
• flunixin meglumine – a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as an analgesic and antipyretic in horses
• furosemide – diuretic used to prevent exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses

G

• gabapentin – strong pain reliever
• gentamicin/betamethasone valerate/clotrimazole – combination drug product used to treat ear diseases in dogs
• glycopyrrolate – an emergency drug used for cardiac support

H

• hydromorphone – opioid analgesic used as a premedication
• hydroxyzine – an emergency drug used primarily for the treatment of allergies

I

• imidacloprid/moxidectin – antiparasitic product
• isoxsuprine – vasodilator used for laminitis and navicular disease in horses
• ivermectin – a broad-spectrum antiparasitic used in horses,  cattle,  sheep,  goats,  and dogs

K

• ketamine – dissociative anesthetic and tranquilizer in cats,  dogs,  horses,  and other animals
• ketoprofen – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)

L

• levamisole – antiparasitic
• levetiracetam – anti-convulsant used for seizures
• levothyroxine – used in the treatment of hypothyroidism
• lufenuron – insecticide used for flea control

M

• • marbofloxacin – antibiotic
  • maropitant – antiemetic
  • mavacoxib – a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)
  • medetomidine – surgical anesthetic and analgesic
  • meloxicam – nonsteroidal anti-inflammation and pain
  • methimazole – used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism
  • metoclopramide – potent antiemetic,  secondary as a prokinetic
  • metronidazole – antibiotic against anaerobic bacteria
  • milbemycin oxime – broad-spectrum antiparasitic used as an anthelmintic,  insecticide,  and miticide
  • mirtazapine – antiemetic and appetite stimulant in cats and dogs
  • morphine – pure mu agonist/opioid analgesic used as a premedication
  • moxifloxacin – antibiotic

N

• neomycin – antibacterial
• nimesulide – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)
• nitarsone – feed additive used in poultry to increase weight gain,  improve feed efficiency,  and prevent histomoniasis  (blackhead disease)
• nitenpyram -insecticide
• nitroscanate – anthelmintic used to treat roundworms,  hookworms, and tapeworms
• nitroxynil – anthelmintic for fasciola and liver fluke infestations
• nystatin – antifungal

O

• octacitinib – antipruritic
• ofloxacin – fluoroquinolone antibiotic
• omeprazole – used for treatment and prevention of gastric ulcers in horses
• oxibendazole – anthelmintic
• oxymorphone – analgesic
• oxytetracycline – antibiotic

P

• pentobarbital – humane euthanasia of animals not to be used in food
• pentoxyifylline – xanthine derivative used in as an anti-inflammatory drug and in the prevention of endotoxemia
• pergolide – dopamine receptor agonist used for the treatment of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction in horses
• phenobarbital – anti-convulsant used for seizures
• phenylbutazone – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)
• phenylpropanolamine – controls urinary incontinence in dogs
• phenytoin/pentobarbital – animal euthanasia product containing phenytoin and pentobarbital
• pimobendan – phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor used to manage heart failure in dogs
• pirlimycin – antimicrobial
• ponazuril – anticoccidial
• praziquantel -treatment of infestations of the tapeworms Dipylidium caninum,  Taenia pisiformis,  Echinococcus granulosus
• prazosin – sympatholytic used in hypertension and abnormal muscle contractions
• prednisolone – glucocorticoid  (steroid)  used in the management of inflammation and autoimmune disease
• Pregabalin – neuropathic pain reliever and anti-convulsant
• propofol – short-acting intravenous drug used to induce anesthesia
• pyrantel – effective against ascarids,  hookworms,  and stomach worms

R

• rafoxanide – parasiticide
• rifampin – anti-microbial primarily used in conjunction with other erythromycins in the treatment of Rhodococcus equi  infections of foals
• robenacoxib – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)
• roxarsone – arsenical used as a coccidiostat and for increased weight gain

S

• selamectin – antiparasitic treating fleas,  roundworms,  ear mites,  heartworm,  and hookworms
• silver sulfadiazine – antibacterial
• streptomycin – an antibiotic used in large animals
• sucralfate – treats gastric ulcers
• sulfasalazine – anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic

T

• Telazol – an intravenous drug used to induce anesthesia,  a combination of tiletamine and zolazepam
• tepoxalin – a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)
• theophylline – for bronchospasm and cardiogenic edema
• thiostrepton – antibiotic
• thiabendazole – antiparasitic
• tolfenamic acid – nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug  (NSAID)
• tramadol – analgesic
• triamcinolone acetonide – corticosteroid
• trimethoprim -used widely for bacterial infections,  and is in the family of sulfa drugs
• trimethoprim/sulfadoxine – antibacterial containing trimethoprim and sulfadoxine
• trilostane – for canine Cushing’s  (hyperadrenocorticism)  syndrome
• tylosin – antibiotic

U

• ursodeoxycholic acid  (INN) or ursodiol  (USAN) – hydrophilic bile acid used to treat liver diseases

X

• xylazine – a2-adrenergic agonist,  used to temporarily sedate animals

Y

• yohimbine – used to reverse effects of xylazine,  also called an  “antidote” to xylazine

Z

• zonisamide – anti-convulsant used for seizures